Lydia Rohmawati; Lytha Rizqika Lailia; Nugrahani Primary Putri; Munasir Nasir; Darminto Darminto
Abstract
ZnO nanoparticles can be used as a photocatalyst in waste treatment because they have good photodegradation. Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using green synthesis method from pineapple peel extract, whose results were characterized by XRD (Xray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-red), FESEM (Field ...
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ZnO nanoparticles can be used as a photocatalyst in waste treatment because they have good photodegradation. Synthesis of ZnO nanoparticles using green synthesis method from pineapple peel extract, whose results were characterized by XRD (Xray Diffraction), FTIR (Fourier Transform Infra-red), FESEM (Field Emission-Scanning Electron Microscopy), TEM (Transmission Electron Microscopy), Raman spectroscopy, photoluminescence, and a photocatalytic activity assay. This research showed that ZnO nanoparticles had wurtzite phase, alcohol functional groups, and phenol O-H, C=C alkenes, C-O, C-N, and Zn-O. ZnO nanoparticles had a particle size of 20.04 nm, a spherical shape, and a band gap energy of 3.28 eV. The Raman active mode E2(High) at 439.05 cm-1 confirmed the formation of pure phase wurtzite. Photoluminescence results indicated that two emission peaks at 392.07 nm and 595.07 nm were associated with defects such as oxygen and zinc vacancies. The results of the photocatalytic effectiveness test showed the highest percent degradation value of 99.86% at 180 minutes using UV light.
Femina Kanjirathamthadathil Saidu; Alex Joseph; Eldhose Varghese; George Vazhathara Thomas
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles incorporated conducting polymer nanocomposites have outstanding properties and potential applications in various fields and significant research has been carried out over the last two decades for the development of efficient methods for their synthesis. The current study describes ...
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Metal nanoparticles incorporated conducting polymer nanocomposites have outstanding properties and potential applications in various fields and significant research has been carried out over the last two decades for the development of efficient methods for their synthesis. The current study describes a microwave-assisted, rapid, and environmentally friendly method for depositing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) over poly(1-naphthylamine) (PNA) using clammy cherry (Cordia Obliqua willd) extract as a reductant to create silver/nanocomposites (Gr-Ag/PNA) with varying silver contents. Thermal stability and charge transfer kinetics of PNA was significantly improved upon introducing AgNPs, as evidenced by the thermogravimetric analysis and electrochemical investigations, respectively. All prepared Gr-Ag/PNA nanocomposites could show improved catalytic activity towards the borohydride-aided reduction of 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) and the pseudo-first-order rate constants showed a direct relationship with the percent of silver incorporated over PNA. Additionally, for the first time, the Gr-Ag/PNA modified carbon paste electrode (Gr-Ag/PNA/CPE) was utilized to validate its usefulness and applicability in the electrocatalytic reduction of 4-NP. A low-cost enzymeless voltammetric 4-NP sensor based on Gr-Ag/PNA/CPE was fabricated and it showed excellent selectivity for 4-NP, as well as a strong linear response over a wide range of 4-NP concentrations (30-1000 𝜇M) and a detection limit of 6.25 𝜇M.
P. Koteswara Rao; B Vikram Babu; A. Rama Krishna; M. Sushma Reddi; B. Sathish Mohan; K. Anjani Devi; U. Susmitha; T. Raghava Rao
Abstract
The present study explores the green approach for the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through the reduction of silver nitrate by the cell-free stem and leaf aqueous extracts of Litsea glutinosa (L.glutinosa) and its potential antibacterial activity. The analytical instruments include scanning ...
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The present study explores the green approach for the preparation of silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) through the reduction of silver nitrate by the cell-free stem and leaf aqueous extracts of Litsea glutinosa (L.glutinosa) and its potential antibacterial activity. The analytical instruments include scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy, UV-visible spectroscopy, and X-ray diffraction spectroscopy confirmed the synthesis of smaller, uniformly spherical AgNPs (10-40 nm). The average crystalline size of prepared AgNPs produced by L. glutinosa leaf extract was found to be 19 mm. From UV-visible spectral analysis, the maximum absorbance peak appeared at 444 nm for leaf extract AgNPs different from stem extract AgNPs (422 nm), which are found to be specific for AgNPs. The L.glutinosa stem extract-assisted AgNPs have shown significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis (Gram-positive) and Escherichia coli (Gram-negative) in comparison to Gentamycin. Hence, the AgNPs obtained by green synthesis can be therapeutically explored against bacterial infections.
Sathiya Sheela D; P Viswanathan; K Kalimuthu; A Vanitha
Abstract
The development of biologically enthused green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) has concerned significant global awareness about medical science and disease treatment. This paper discusses the green synthesis of SNPs using organic green sources; here we report a facile bottom-up ‘green’ ...
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The development of biologically enthused green synthesis of silver nanoparticles (SNPs) has concerned significant global awareness about medical science and disease treatment. This paper discusses the green synthesis of SNPs using organic green sources; here we report a facile bottom-up ‘green’ route for the synthesis of SNPs using aqueous leaves extract of Pogostemon speciosus (Benth.) and evaluate its in-vitro anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and photocatalytic activities. The nanoparticles were investigated for the preparation of denaturation particles with PSLASNPs and the evaluation of anti-inflammatory activity with Protein denaturation and HRBC stabilization assays. Later, these PSLASNPs were studied for their potential role in antibacterial activity by well diffusion method, and Photocatalytic activity on degradation of dyes was demonstrated by using dyes Crystal violet, Coomassie blue, and Congo red. At 1000 µg/ml, the PSLASNPs have the greatest prevention of protein denaturation (71.92±1.37%), whilst the stabilization of the HRBC membrane exhibited significant anti-inflammatory action (64.39±1.61 %). The PSLASNPs showed the best antibacterial activity at the concentration of 10 µg/ml against Bacillus subtilis (8.2 mm), followed by Pseudomonas stuberia (6.2 mm) and Escherichia coli (6.4 mm), Staphylococcus aureus (5.3 mm), Staphylococcus gallinarium (4.5 mm) respectively at the same concentrations. Crystal violet, Coomassie blue, and Congo red were used for Photocatalytic activity on the breakdown of dyes. After 35 minutes, the degradation process was determined to be complete by the transformation of the reaction mixture's color to colorless. As a result, the PSLASNPs have anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, and photocatalytic activities.
D Kamarajan; Benny Anburaj; V Porkalai; A Muthuvel; G Nedunchezhian; N Mahendran
Abstract
The current study aimed to synthesize nanoparticles of Zinc oxide (ZnO) using the extract of Acalypha indica leaves and their photocatalyst degradation and antibacterial properties were also measured. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, UV-visible, FT-IR, and SEM with EDAX, DLS, ...
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The current study aimed to synthesize nanoparticles of Zinc oxide (ZnO) using the extract of Acalypha indica leaves and their photocatalyst degradation and antibacterial properties were also measured. The biosynthesized nanoparticles were analyzed using XRD, UV-visible, FT-IR, and SEM with EDAX, DLS, PL, and Zeta potential analysis. The synthesized nanoparticles had a mean size of 16 nm measured by XRD which was highly pure, and their spherical shape was confirmed by SEM. The UV-visible confirmed that ZnO nanoparticles have a direct band gap energy is 3.34 eV. The measured zeta size and potential of synthesized nanoparticles were 46 nm and -27 mV, respectively, determined by the DLS technique can be considered moderately stable colloidal solutions. The FT-IR analysis confirmed the presence of functional groups in the leaf extract and the ZnO nanoparticles. The biosynthesized ZnO nanoparticles have a homogeneous spherical morphology and the average particle is 35 nm. The PL analyses performed on synthesized nanoparticles showed a sharp blue band at 362 nm, which was attributed to the defects of structure in ZnO crystals. During natural sunlight illumination, ZnO nanoparticles demonstrated notable degradation of the dye methyl blue (MB). At 90 min of illumination, the degradation efficiency achieved was 96 %. Antibacterial properties were observed for synthesized nanoparticles against four bacterial strains, including Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli. The highest zone of inhibition was observed against Escherichia coli (25.2 mm). Overall, these studies indicate that Acalypha indica is a good sell for planting, and has the greatest chance of being used to develop nanoparticles for protection against environmental pollution and human health.
Zahra Hashemi; Mina Shirzadi-Ahoodashti; mohammad ali Ebrahimzadeh
Abstract
Recent developments in nanotechnology lead to draw scientist's interest in green synthesis nanoparticles because of their importance in all fields of sciences. This paper is an overview of Ag nanoparticles biosynthesis (AgNPs) by aerial part of Alcea rosea extract. Synthesis procedures were described, ...
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Recent developments in nanotechnology lead to draw scientist's interest in green synthesis nanoparticles because of their importance in all fields of sciences. This paper is an overview of Ag nanoparticles biosynthesis (AgNPs) by aerial part of Alcea rosea extract. Synthesis procedures were described, with no stabilizers or surfactants. The synthesized AR@AgNPs were characterized using scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDS), X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), and UV-Vis analysis. The UV-Vis spectrum of AR@AgNPs shown a characteristic surface plasmon resonance (SPR) peak at 425 nm. Scanning electron microscope revealed spherical shaped with a diameter range of 10-30 nm. Energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis demonstrated the peak in silver region confirming presence of elemental silver. Evaluation of the antibacterial and antileishmanial activity of biosynthesized silver nanoparticles was performed. AR@AgNPs exhibit effective antibacterial activity against seven ATCC strains of bacteria and eight strains of drug-resistant bacteria. Also, their activity against leishmaniasis was studied on both promastigotes and amastigotes.
Harshal Dabhane; Suresh Kushinath Ghotekar; Pawanwan Jagannath Tambade; Shreyas Pansambal; H C Ananda Murthy; Rajeshwari Oza; Vijay Medhane
Abstract
Nowadays, green syntheses have received crucial attention as a reliable, developing and eco-benevolent protocol for synthesizing a broad range of nanomaterials (NMs) including metal/metal oxides NMs, bio-inspired materials and hybrid/composite NMs. As such, biogenic synthesis is regarded as a significant ...
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Nowadays, green syntheses have received crucial attention as a reliable, developing and eco-benevolent protocol for synthesizing a broad range of nanomaterials (NMs) including metal/metal oxides NMs, bio-inspired materials and hybrid/composite NMs. As such, biogenic synthesis is regarded as a significant tool to mitigate the destructive impacts associated with the conventional approaches of synthesis for NMs generally utilized in industry and laboratory. In this review, we summed up the general protocols and mechanisms of green synthesis routes, especially for silver (Ag), silver oxide (Ag2O), cadmium (Cd), copper (Cu), copper ferrite (CuFe2O4), palladium (Pd), aceprophyline, cellulose and graphene nanomaterials/nanoparticles using cow urine. Importantly, we explored the main role of biological constituents which is existed in cow urine. These essential biomolecules act as reducing/stabilizing agents in solvent systems. The stability, phase formation and surface morphology of NMs using characterization techniques are also discussed. Finally, we covered the eclectic applications of such synthesized NMs in terms of anti-asthma, antimicrobial, antituberculosis, antioxidant, anticancer activity, catalytic activity and removal of pollutants dyes.
Ubaithulla Baig A; Vadamalar R; Vinodhini A; Fairose S; Gomathiyalini A; Jabena Begum N; Shaista Jabeen
Abstract
Silver and zinc oxide are well known for both antimicrobial and pro-healing properties. ZnO is a biocompatible and bio-safe material that possesses photo-oxidizing and photocatalysis impacts on chemical and biological species. ZnO nanomaterials can interact chemically as well as physically to exhibit ...
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Silver and zinc oxide are well known for both antimicrobial and pro-healing properties. ZnO is a biocompatible and bio-safe material that possesses photo-oxidizing and photocatalysis impacts on chemical and biological species. ZnO nanomaterials can interact chemically as well as physically to exhibit antibacterial activities. Chemical interactions of the ZnO nanomaterials with bacterial cells lead to the photo-induced production of reactive oxygenated species (ROS), formation of H2O2, and release of Zn2+ ions. In contrast, physical interaction can show biocidal effects through cell envelope rupturing, cellular internalization or mechanical damage. Here, we present a green method using Tridax Procumbens leaf extract to synthesize Ag doped ZnO nanoparticles (NPs) to explore the synergistic antibacterial properties of Ag and ZnO nanoparticles against certain gram positive and gram negative bacterial strains. The newly synthesized Ag doped ZnO NPs were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) to study the crystalline structure, composition and purity. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) technique was used to study particle size, shape, and morphology. The XRD and UV studies confirmed the ZnO phase. The absorbance peak around 618 cm-1 - 749 cm-1 in the FTIR spectrum referred presence of silver. The surface morphological studies also supported the FTIR result. The synthesized sample exhibited enhanced antibacterial activity irrespective of all tested microorganisms than the standard antibiotic used. The maximum size distribution of particle is found to be around 60 nm from the DLS technique.
Pantea Arjmandi; Fariba Hargalani
Abstract
A simple and eco-friendly method for synthesis nanoparticles is using a green chemistry technique. Also, the utilization of green nanoparticles for the treatment of industrial wastewater could be an outstanding plan to confront environmental pollutions. The novelty of this study was to use leaf extract ...
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A simple and eco-friendly method for synthesis nanoparticles is using a green chemistry technique. Also, the utilization of green nanoparticles for the treatment of industrial wastewater could be an outstanding plan to confront environmental pollutions. The novelty of this study was to use leaf extract of Stevia Rebaudiana Bertoni for green synthesized TiO₂ NPs and assessing its functioning for the photocatalytic treatment of Naphthol from real sample wastewater in a self-designed photoreactor. The amount of nano-adsorbent changes was studied under different conditions such as the amount of naphthol concentration, pH, and time period of degradation. Results: The results of the XRD showed that the Anatase and Rutile phase of TiO₂ conformed to cards no.JCPDS21-1272 and no.JCPDS21-1276 respectively. The EDX analysis illustrated the existence of TiO₂ with a weight percentage of 50.17 wt.% for Ti and 49/83 for O. The size of the particles in the SEM photo was found to be about 17nm. The removal of naphthol content was measured by the UV-Vis method. The optimum pH for naphthol removal by TiO₂ is pH = 9, the optimal contact time is 20 min, and the optimal concentration of Naphthol is 3 mg/L. Comparing the Freundlich and Langmuir adsorption isotherm models revealed that the absorption model in this study is in complete conformity with the Freundlich adsorption model. This study affirms that the green synthesis of Stevia leaf extracted is a modern beneficial procedure for the preparation of TiO₂ nanoparticles. This method is straightforward, cost-effective, eco-friendly, and rapid.
Farnosh Tavakoli; Alireza Badiei; Jahan Bakhsh Ghasemi
Abstract
In this paper, Ag-TiO2-Graphene (Ag-TiO2-G) photocatalyst is synthesized via an economic and green rout. Pranus Cerasus is applied as a green reducing agent due to the presence of anthocyanin pigment. The anthocyanin molecules are responsible for the red color of the prunus cerasus seeds. The nanocmposites ...
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In this paper, Ag-TiO2-Graphene (Ag-TiO2-G) photocatalyst is synthesized via an economic and green rout. Pranus Cerasus is applied as a green reducing agent due to the presence of anthocyanin pigment. The anthocyanin molecules are responsible for the red color of the prunus cerasus seeds. The nanocmposites were characterized by XRD, EDS mapping, DRS and TEM. In order to explore the presence of Ag, different mass ratio of Ag to in Ag-TiO2-G composite (5wt%, 10wt%, 15wt%, 20wt%, 25wt%, 30wt%, 35wt%, 40wt%, 45wt% and 50wt%) were synthesized and their performance on the Acid Orange 7 (AO7) photodegradation were compared with bare graphene. In addition, for investigation of the presence of graphene, the Ag-TiO2 was synthesized and compared with the Ag-TiO2-G composite from the photocatalytic performance point of view. Ag nanoparticles and graphene are two crucial factors in AO7 photodegradation. Finally, we showed that photodegradation of AO7 with photocatalyst depends on photogenerated holes.
Atiyeh Yazdani; Mohammad Sayadi; Ava Heidari
Abstract
The green synthesis of palladium oxide nanoparticles using Dictyota indica seaweed extract was investigated. Dictyotales is a large order in the brown algae (class Phaeophyceae). The color of the reaction mixture changed which indicated the formation of palladium oxide nanoparticles. UV-Visible, SEM, ...
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The green synthesis of palladium oxide nanoparticles using Dictyota indica seaweed extract was investigated. Dictyotales is a large order in the brown algae (class Phaeophyceae). The color of the reaction mixture changed which indicated the formation of palladium oxide nanoparticles. UV-Visible, SEM, TEM, XRD, and FTIR analysis determined the characteristics of synthesized nanoparticles. The UV-Visible analysis showed the formation of palladium oxide nanoparticles. SEM and TEM analyses presented the palladium oxide nanoparticles have a spherical shape and based on DLS analysis with the average particle diameter of 19nm. The comparisons of the nanoparticle size with different biological synthesis were studied which revealed this methodology offer smallest size. The crystallographic parameters of the synthesized Pd nanoparticles were as follows: crystalline structure (cubic), space group (Fm-3m), and lattice parameter (a=5.6500, b=5.6500, c=5.6500, α=90, β=90, and γ=90). FTIR analysis indicated the presence of a palladium oxide group in the product. The removal efficacy of cadmium by the palladium oxide nanoparticles was investigated to optimize the pH, contact time, dose of adsorbent and concentration of cadmium. The results showed that optimum conditions for cadmium removal from water were obtained at pH 8, 500 mg/l adsorbent dose and 20 min contact time, wherein in these circumstances the removal of cadmium was 82.82%. The adsorption isotherms primacy was as follows, Langmuir R2=0.9904> Freundlich R2=0.9857> Temkin R2=0.8791.